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| Expression statement | block {} Statement | Branch Statements | Loop Statements | Type Declaration | Variable Declaration | Synchronize Statements | With Statement | Using Statement | Type Alias |

The block statement groups multiple statements.

BlockStatement
: '{' Statmenent* '}'

At every place, where the grammar expects one statement, with a block multiple statements can be bound to one statement.

if (a == b) a = c; // one statement else { // also one statement through block b = d; a = 2; }

Another effect of a BlockStatement is a block establish a new local scope for local variables. See for more information at  Scoped Variables.